When buying a used car, the test drive is the most important part of the process. It’s your opportunity to see if the vehicle suits your driving style, to check cabin and boot space, and—most critically—to make sure the car’s condition matches the seller’s description.
While most buyers aren’t professional mechanics, there are still several simple checks you can do during a test drive to help spot potential issues before you commit.
Check Your Insurance First
Before you even get behind the wheel, confirm that you’re insured to drive the car. At a dealership, the seller’s policy usually covers test drives, but if you’re buying privately, check with your insurer beforehand to avoid any costly mistakes.
Engine Health Checks
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Cold-start test: Place your hand on the bonnet when you arrive. If it’s warm, the seller may have run the engine beforehand to disguise issues. A true cold start tells you far more about the car’s condition.
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Exhaust smoke: Expect some vapour on cold days, but beware of excessive dark smoke (possible oil-burning) or persistent white smoke (potential turbocharger or head gasket issues).
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Engine noises: Listen for screeching that may point to a failing cam-belt, or a light metallic ‘tinkling’ sound from the top of the engine that could suggest timing chain wear.
Suspension and Steering
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Over bumps: Drive slowly over speed bumps or rough patches. Clonks, squeaks, or rattles could mean worn dampers or suspension problems, while grinding noises may indicate a failing wheel bearing.
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Steering feel: The wheel should feel precise, without excessive play. At higher speeds (around 100 km/h where safe), check for vibrations. These could be down to unbalanced tyres but might also hint at more serious suspension or steering issues.
Braking Performance
Test the brakes with a firm press. The car should stop quickly, smoothly, and in a straight line. Grinding noises or pulling to one side suggest problems that will need attention.
Gears
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Manual: Gears should engage smoothly without crunching. The clutch should bite in the middle of its travel—too high or too low may mean replacement is needed.
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Automatic: Make sure the gearbox responds quickly when shifting into Drive and accelerates smoothly with no hesitation or jerks when you press firmly on the throttle.
Electric Cars
If you’re considering an EV, request a battery health check. Most batteries are durable, but degradation does occur, and it’s the most expensive component of the car. A reputable seller will be open to verifying battery condition.
Paperwork
A full history is essential. Look for a folder of receipts, stamped service books, and evidence of regular maintenance. Lack of paperwork should immediately raise suspicion—avoid cars without a traceable service record.
